Symptoms of tuberculosis in throat
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious and potentially life-threatening infection caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria can spread from person to person through the air when someone with active TB coughs, sneezes, or talks. Not everyone who is exposed to TB bacteria becomes infected; however, people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV or malnutrition, are more likely to develop TB.
TB primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other parts of the body such as the throat, brain, kidneys, or spine.
> What is tuberculosis in the throat?
Tuberculosis in the throat, also known as laryngeal tuberculosis, is a type of tuberculosis infection that affects the larynx, which is the part of the throat that contains the vocal cords. Laryngeal tuberculosis is a rare form of tuberculosis, accounting for less than 1% of all tuberculosis cases.
> Common Symptoms of TB in throat
The symptoms of TB in the throat can vary from person to person, and some people may not experience any symptoms at all. However, common symptoms of laryngeal tuberculosis can include:
· Hoarseness or loss of voice: This is one of the most common symptoms of laryngeal tuberculosis.
· Difficulty speaking or swallowing: Laryngeal tuberculosis can cause difficulty in speaking or swallowing due to inflammation and swelling of the larynx.
· Persistent cough: A cough that lasts for more than two weeks can be a sign of laryngeal tuberculosis.
· Pain in the throat: Laryngeal tuberculosis can cause pain in the throat, particularly when speaking or swallowing.
· A feeling of something stuck in the throat: This sensation can be caused by inflammation and swelling of the larynx.
· Weight loss: Laryngeal tuberculosis can cause weight loss, particularly if the person is experiencing difficulty eating or swallowing.
· Night sweats: This can be a symptom of advanced laryngeal tuberculosis.
The symptoms of TB in the throat are very similar to those of other throat infections or conditions, making diagnosis challenging. If you experience any of these symptoms, or if you have been exposed to someone with tuberculosis, it is important to seek medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent the spread of the disease and improve outcomes.
Diagnosis of laryngeal tuberculosis usually involves a physical examination of the throat, a sputum test, a biopsy of the affected tissue, and imaging tests such as a CT scan or MRI. Visit the pulmonology department at A.J hospital for a thorough check-up.
> Treatment of TB in throat
Treatment for laryngeal tuberculosis or TB in the throat typically involves a combination of antibiotics taken over a period of six to nine months. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged tissue or restore the function of the larynx.
Frequently asked questions about tuberculosis in throat
1) What are the reasons for TB in the throat?
The reasons for TB in the throat can include:
Weakened immune system: People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or those taking immunosuppressant medications, are more susceptible to tuberculosis, including laryngeal tuberculosis.
Close contact with someone with tuberculosis: Laryngeal tuberculosis can be spread through contact with someone who has active tuberculosis.
Poor living conditions: Overcrowded living conditions and poor sanitation can increase the risk of tuberculosis.
Malnutrition: Poor nutrition can weaken the immune system and increase the risk of tuberculosis.
Smoking: Smoking damages the lungs and increases the risk of developing tuberculosis.
Age: People over the age of 65 are more likely to develop tuberculosis.
Alcohol abuse: Heavy alcohol use can weaken the immune system and increase the risk of tuberculosis.
2. Does TB in the throat start with a sore throat?
TB in the throat can cause a sore throat as one of its symptoms, but it is not always the first symptom. Common symptoms of laryngeal tuberculosis include hoarseness or loss of voice, difficulty speaking or swallowing, a feeling of something stuck in the throat, persistent cough, and weight loss. It is important to note that a sore throat can be caused by many other conditions, such as viral or bacterial infections, allergies, and acid reflux. Therefore, a sore throat alone is not necessarily a sign of tuberculosis. However, it is important to consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.
3. What is a TB Cough like?
A TB cough can vary from person to person, but it is typically persistent and may last for more than two weeks. The cough may be dry or may produce sputum, which is a mixture of saliva and mucus. The sputum may be white, yellow, green, or even tinged with blood. A TB cough is often described as deep and hacking, and may be accompanied by chest pain or discomfort. The cough may be worse in the morning or at night, and may interrupt sleep.
A.J. Hospital & Research Centre, Mangalore, specialises in 30+ medical divisions including a dedicated pulmonology department that focuses on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases affecting the lungs. If you have any health concerns that need to be answered by our experts, reach out to us today.